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Bald Knob Cross, officially known as the Bald Knob Cross of Peace, is a large white cross located in Alto Pass, Illinois, United States. The structure is tall and is visible, when lit at night, over an area of . The base of the cross is 1,034 feet above sea level and overlooks the Shawnee National Forest. Originally completed in 1963, the cross itself stands 111 feet tall, is 22 feet square at the base, 16 feet square at the top and its arms extend 63 feet horizontally. The exterior white panels covering the cross are 4-inch architectural flat insulated metal panels while the base portion is covered in granite approximately 4-inches thick. The structure sits on a foundation of 730 tons of reinforced concrete that goes down 20 feet to bedrock. The steel framework weighs approximately 170 tons. Each of the four sides of the cross have a word inscribed into the granite: Peace, Hope, Faith, Charity. Bald Knob Mountain was first suggested as an excellent site for a sunrise Easter service by Wayman Presley and Rev. William Lirely after the 1936 Easter service. The first such service was held in 1937, with 250 attendees, and has been held annually since. From 1984 to 1986 there was a Passion Play held in conjunction with the Easter service. After the site was acquired, the Cross was built in stages with money from various fundraisers, the most famous of which was that of Myrta Clutts and her pigs. Flight students from Southern Illinois University often use the cross as a landmark because it is visible from such a great distance. In 2006, a legal dispute arose among the Board Members of the Cross. A two-year court battle ensued. All members of the organization were banned by court order from access to the grounds. During the legal wrangling, several community members led by Bill Vandergraph formed the Friends of the Cross organization to raise funds for the eventual restoration of the Cross, which was falling into gross disrepair. The litigation was resolved on Christmas Eve, 2008, when all sides in the dispute signed an agreement to drop all charges and submit their own resignations from the Board of Directors if the court would delegate leadership of the organization to a two-year Transitional Board of Directors, made up mostly from Pastors in various communities and counties in the region. The Transitional Board met for their first meeting on Friday, January 16, 2009, when they elected officers. The Board is in the process of placing the organization on firm legal and financial footing as efforts to physically restore the Cross go forward as a priority. The Bald Knob Cross adjoins the Bald Knob Wilderness, a federally designated U.S. wilderness area covering the western slope of the mountain which the cross surmounts. In 2010, Robert Sherman of Illinois filed a federal court challenge against state grants being spent toward the cross site, citing separation of church and state. In February 2011, the federal district court ruled against the challenge. In June, 2012, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit affirmed the dismissal. Following a protracted legal battle, in January 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected Robert Sherman's appeal without comment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2013/01/25/supreme-court-rejects-atheist-appeal-over-11-story-illinois-cross/?test=latestnews )〕 Sherman reacted by calling the United States system of justice 'a joke' and claiming that the decision was a 'fraud against taxpayers'. Conversely, D.W. Presley, president of the Cross Board of Directors, was not surprised by the decision given the history of failed litigation brought by Sherman, and instead wished to focus on the newly renovated cross, and how it is a shining example of a restored state and national symbol. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bald Knob Cross」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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